good men’s lives / Expire before the flowers in their caps, / Dying or ere they sicken.
Act IV, Scene 3
Context
Ross continues his description of Scotland's deterioration, explaining that good men die so quickly under Macbeth's reign that they don't even live long enough to fall ill naturally.
Analysis
The image of flowers in caps is a small, domestic detail—a festive ornament—that makes the violence specific and visual. Men die before these flowers wilt, compressing natural decay (flowers fading) into a time frame shorter than political murder. The phrase 'or ere they sicken' inverts the expected sequence: normally illness precedes death, but Macbeth's violence is so sudden that dying happens before the slower process of sickening can begin.
Essay Tip
Support a thesis that Shakespeare uses compressed timescales throughout this scene to measure tyranny—here, the flower metaphor establishes that Macbeth's regime operates faster than nature, killing before natural processes (wilting, illness) can complete, which makes his violence feel accelerated and unnatural.